NEGOTIATORS OF KIDNAPPING OR HOSTAGE TAKING
Overview:
Introduction:
In the last four decades, hostage situations have rapidly increased in the world
Due to the threat of terrorism and other social problems. The goals of hostage-takers are
To achieve certain political, criminal, and/or social benefits through hostage situations.
It is not only a police problem but also a governmental problem.
Police apply either negotiation or tactical intervention in hostage situations to
Recover hostages without bloodshed or loss of life. Success in this endeavor is based on
Effective negotiation. The purposes of this study are to analyze the major actors and
Their roles in hostage situations, to identify effective negotiation strategies and tools, and
To provide some future recommendations for governments, police agencies, and
Researchers for peaceful resolutions in hostage situations.
Course Objectives:
At the end of this course the participants will be able to:
- Understand the definitions, history, and literature review of hostage.
- Understand the methodology and limitations.
- Analysis of successful negotiation process.
- Learn selection and training of negotiators.
- Learn successful negotiation process.
Course Outlines:
Unit 1: DEFINITIONS, HISTORY, AND LITERATURE REVIEW OF HOSTAGE
SITUATIONS
Definitions
Hostage Negotiator Team
Police Tactical Team
Incident Commander
Mental Health Professional
Command Post
First Responding Officer
Hostage Taker
Hostage
Suicidal Subject
Typical Hostage Situation
Kidnapping
Terrorism
Historical Overview
First Generation of Hostage Resolution
Police Tactical Team Intervention
Second Generation of Hostage Resolution
Hostage Negotiation Practice
Current Generation of Hostage resolution
Negotiation Practice in Crisis
Major Actors in Hostage Situations
Hostage Negotiators
Unit 2: Selection and Training of Negotiators
Role Playing in Training Course
Negotiator Team Structure
Some Special Skills and Tools of Negotiators
Active Listening Skills
Controlling Utilities
Using a Situation Board
Dealing with Stress for Negotiators
Mental Health Professionals and Negotiator Team
Special Negotiator Unit of the FBI: Critical Incident
Negotiation Team (CINT)
Hostage Takers
Instrumental and Expressive Behaviors of Hostage Taker
General Types of Hostage Takers
Mentally Ill Hostage Takers
Schizophrenic
Depressive
Antisocial
Inadequate
Borderline
Suicidal Person and Suicide-by-Cop
Emotionally Disturbed Hostage Takers
Inmate Hostage Takers
Criminal Hostage Takers
Terrorist Hostage Takers
Negotiating with Terrorists
Special Issues with Terrorists
Religious Extremists
Hostages
Stockholm Syndrome
London Syndrome
Surviving in Hostage Situations
Unit 3: METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS
Introduction
Research Issues
Purpose of the Research
Method of the Research
Limitations of the Research
Unit 4: ANALYSIS OF SUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATION PROCESS AND
DISCUSSION OF THE CASE STUDIES
Introduction
Successful Negotiation Process
Major Actors in Decision Making Process of Hostage Situations
Indicators of Negotiation and Not Negotiation
Phase-by-Phase Approach for Negotiators
Dealing with Demands and Deadline in Hostage Situations
Dealing with the Time Issue in Hostage Situations
Managing Media Influence in Hostage Situations
Describing and Discussion of the Case Studies
Unit 5: Case Studies
Munich Olympic Hostage Taking Situation, 1972
Facts of the Case
Hostage Taker Motivation and Demands
Government and Command Post Resolutions
Evaluation and Summary
Balcombe Street Siege, 1975
Facts of the Case
Hostage Taker Motivation and Demands
Government and Command Post Resolutions
Evaluation and Summary
Iranian Embassy Siege, 1980
Facts of the Case
Hostage Taker Motivation and Demands
Government and Command Post Resolutions
Evaluation and Summary
Branch Davidians Barricade-Standoff, 1993
Facts of the Case
Hostage Taker Motivation and Demands
Government and Command Post Resolutions
Evaluation and Summary
Analysis and Comparative Table of the Case Studies